Key Words & Concepts
Unit 1
1.1	Case Notes - refers to case records, reports, reviews, court reports and material contributed by individuals, families, carers, groups and communities
1.2a	Individuals, families, carers, groups and communities - encompasses the people that a competent social worker would be expected to take account of in practice.
1.2a	Organisations - the term used to describe all the agencies and institutions that are involved in the provision of services in social care and related activities
IKB1	Ecological - An individual must be located within the context of the family and the groups/networks to which they belong, and of the wider communities in which they live. A wide range of environmental factors can affect people's functioning, such as the wider family, belonging to specific groups, network and communities, housing, employment, income, the family's/ groups'/ community's integration and access to services. The importance of the interface between environmental considerations, and the influence of environmental factors on people's capacity to respond to social work intervention must be recognised and incorporated into any assessment and care plan

Unit 2
2.2a	Associated Risks - in this context risk refers to any hazards to safety and/or welfare
2.2a	Resources - could be from local, regional or national networks and groups to support the individual group or community.
2.2b	Information - in this context refers to information from central and local government, specialist organisations and those organisations controlled by those requiring services
2.2b	Culture - is an identity which is based on a number of factors such as race, values, ethnicity, religion and class, and which are constantly evolving for individuals and families
2.3a	Holistically - includes taking account of the social, economic and ecological context in which the individuals, families, carers, groups and communities are living
2.4	Preferred options - are the options 'preferred' and stated by individuals, families, carers, groups and communities when they have considered their needs, circumstances and risks. Preferred options also take account of expectations

Unit 3
3.3e	Justify - covers the rationale and reasons for the use of the models and explanations of behaviour and practice
3	Assess - covers the whole procedure by which judgements are made about individuals, families, carers, groups and communities, in deciding what their needs are. In this context it covers all dimensions of people's lives, including the impact of the environment. Assessment must be considered as a process, not a single event.

Unit 4
4.1	Requests for Action - can come from: individuals, families, carers, groups and communities; neighbours; other people; members of your own team; members of other teams; and professionals from other organisations
4	Crisis situations - refers to episodes that have become difficult or impossible to handle, and to the understanding of how services/interventions might be organised to offer help through such events.

Unit 5
5.3	Methods - have been used to cover tested, accepted and recognised social work procedures and practices
5.3	Models - describe what happens during practice in a general way. They apply to a wide range of situations and will extract certain principles and patterns of activity to give the practice consistency.

Unit 6
6.1	Plans - have been used throughout the standards to include the development of care plans and care programmes of all types, including those devised to meet court orders
6.1b	Potential resources - means considering all the available resources, including those that are present or could be set up within the individual's family, network and community.
6.1b	Well being - a sense of well being is created through promoting physical and mental health, education, employment, adequate housing, income, satisfying personal and social relationships, and the capacity to fulfil personal and social responsibilities, and contributions as citizens
6.1c	Inclusively - means ensuring that all concerned have a voice and that diverse views are taken into account.
6.4	Effectiveness - refers to how well the plans meet the needs of individuals, families, carers, groups and communities and achieves (or is working towards achieving) the expected outcomes

Unit 7
7	Networks - can be formal, which are often linked to national, regional and local organisations and agencies, or informal, that is, where loosely knit networks are established to provide for particular support needs
7.1	Others - to include professional colleagues.
7.2a	Type of support - could be at family, neighbourhood and community level and will take account of their strengths, vulnerabilities and breaking points
7.2b	Resources - will include organisational resources, direct payments or organisations representing by individuals using the services.
7.3b	Discrimination and social exclusion - in the context of these standards relates to race, gender, religion, sectarianism, language, age, class, disability (including sensory disability), poverty and sexual orientation
7.3f	Social Work Theories - usually implies that sets of assumptions have been formalised, published, debated and tested in some way. Theory provides a structure through which reality can be observed, and predictions about events may be made. In social work theories offer a framework to aid and explanation of behaviour and situations. Theories offer: models; approaches and/or perspectives; explanations; prescriptions; accountability and justifications.
	Approaches - are a set of principles and values where there is insufficient evidence from research or the expertise of individuals, carers, families, groups and communities, practitioners and managers. Often these are innovative and form the basis for future theories and methods. Approaches to, or perspectives on complex human activity allow participants to order their minds sufficiently to be able to manage themselves while participating

Unit 8
8	Groups - in this context groups may be aimed at alleviating isolation, promoting social learning and maturation, preparing for an approaching crisis or other life change, solving or clarifying problems at the personal/familial level, solving or clarifying problems in the member's environment, and achieving insight. It is important to notice that in practice, groups may combine these aims, or start with one and develop into another during the life of the group.
8.4b	Handover processes - to include transfer to another worker, organisation or self-direction by group members.

Unit 9
9.1	Risk - in this context it refers to any hazards to safety and/or welfare.

Unit 10
10.1	Advocate - refers to both the action of, and the person, assisting individuals, families, carers, groups and communities to put forward their views, or making a case on their behalf.

Unit 11
11.1	Decision Making Forums - refers to all types of forums where decisions may be made about individuals, families, carers, groups and communities. They include courts, hearings (formal and informal), case conferences etc.

Unit 12
12.1c	Legal duties/requirements - cover the legal and/or statutory responsibilities you have as a social worker within your specific practice/employment context
12.2e	Non-discriminatory practice - refers to practice which takes action to prevent discrimination on grounds such as race, culture, religion, age, disability, sexual orientation and class. It also refers to practice which promotes the development of a positive self-identity.

Unit 13
IKB2e	Violence and abuse - includes abuse and threat, threatening behaviour, any assault or sexual harassment or other serious or persistent harassment. It extends from what may be seen as a minor incident to serious assault and murder and threats against the yourself and your colleagues.

Unit 14
14.2d	Supervision and support - includes both formal supervision and other support and supervision provided by management, team members and colleagues.

Unit 15
15.1a	Cost Services - includes that which is administered by your own and other organisations.
15.2	Effectiveness - refers to all types of effectiveness related to social work practice, its context and the provision purchased and commissioned. It includes cost effectiveness, the quality of the provision, the effectiveness of the resources etc

Unit 16
16.1a	Recording - it refers to the process by which agencies maintain an account of their dealings with those who require services. The selection and recording of information are a central task for social workers. Recording has to be clear and purposeful, it must distinguish fact from opinion, and offer supporting evidence to any judgements made. Recording may be understood as an expression of accountability for the social worker to the agency, but it is also crucially a means by which there can be accountability to those requiring services. Recording can also constitute evidence in a court of law. Recording must always comply with agency and legal requirements.
16.4d	Actions arising - might be associated with your own practice, the practice of others, organisational practices and procedures, actions related to the provision and services, the actions related to the recording systems and practices.

Unit 17
17	Multi-disciplinary and multi-organisational teams, networks and systems - are those which operate within your own organisation and profession, and between organisations and professions.

Unit 18
18.2	Research - refers to accessing and reviewing the research findings of others rather than carrying out fundamental research of your own.
18.3	Evidence and knowledge based practice - Practice derives its knowledge from theory and research in many different disciplines, from policies laid down in legislation and government guidance, and from accumulated practice experience and wisdom, which has, in some cases, been empirically tested. Practice is expected to be evidence based which means that knowledge is used critically from research and practice about the needs of those requiring social work services, and the outcomes of services and interventions to inform future practice. The combination of practice grounded in knowledge and evidence based, together with the use of finely balanced professional judgment, is the foundation of effective social work practice

Unit 19
IKB2h	Reflective practice - is grounded in the social worker's repertoire of values, knowledge, theories and practice which influence the judgements made about a particular situation. The characteristics of reflective judgements indicate that the practitioner has developed the ability to view situations from multiple perspectives, the ability to search for alternative explanations, and the ability to use evidence in supporting or evaluating a decision or position.
19.2	Professional assertiveness - it refers to the ability to justify in different decision making forums, and for different audiences, decisions and recommendations made about a course of action based on the skills, values and knowledge upheld by the social work profession.
19	Continuing professional development - refers to the maintenance and enhancement of the knowledge, expertise and competence of social workers according to a plan formulated to meet individual needs, the needs of the profession, employers and practice

Unit 20
20.1	Conflicts.
20.2	Ethical dilemmas.

Unit 21
21.3	Colleagues - in this context could be support staff, care workers, other beginning social workers, volunteers or students
21.4a	Values and principles - are those specified by the profession, government, and the employing organisation